Airports

The Pathway to Heaven; Passengers Boarding Bridge

Published

1 year ago

31/03/2022

A passenger boarding bridge (PBB) is a moveable, enclosed link that connects an airport terminal gate to airplane passengers can board and disembark without having to step outdoors and risk being open to external conditions.
It was created by Frank Der Yuen, an American aeronautical engineer, who envisioned a system for loading and unloading passengers and freight. The prototype, the ‘Aero-Gangplank,’ was commissioned for United Airlines.
It’s also known as a jet bridge, a jet walk, an air gate, an air bridge, a sky bridge, and an air tube.

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Before the introduction of jet bridges, passengers would generally board an aircraft by going along a ground-level ramp and climbing a set of movable stairs, or airstairs on aircraft that were equipped with such stairs. Many airports across the world, particularly smaller airports and terminals serving low-cost carriers, use mobile staircases or “ramp stairs.”

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Design and use

Jet bridges are available in a variety of configurations. It may be fixed or moveable, swinging radially and/or expanding in length, depending on building design, sill heights, fueling stations, and operational requirements. Jet bridges have long been a staple of the contemporary airport terminal, providing passengers and crew with a quick, safe walk in and out of a jet.

The fixed (nose loader) allows for a small sweep, or the standard (apron drive) allows for a broader sweep; the multi-door bridge, connects the terminal to numerous aircraft doors through separate walkways, such as those used to service an Airbus A380. Then there’s the bridge that moves between terminal floors for boarding and deboarding, which is less popular.

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A380 Qantas
Credit: batsf.files.wordpress.com

They are made up of a hydraulic or electromechanical elevation mechanism, glass or steel tunnels, and a telescopic extension that can be increased or decreased.

The bridge is connected to a gate in the terminal wall behind the gate desk at the airport terminal. Passengers hand their boarding credentials to the gate attendant, who allows them to pass through once airplane boarding begins.

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They are frequently permanently attached to the terminal building at one end by a pivot and can swing left or right. To accommodate airplanes of various sizes, the cabin at the end of the loading bridge can be lifted or lowered, extended or retracted, and pivoted. An operator’s station in the cab controls these motions. The cab has an accordion-style canopy that allows the bridge to dock with aircraft of various shapes while also providing a nearly weather-proof seal.

Inside, the bridge appears to be a narrow, well-lit corridor with no doors. The majority of loading bridges lack windows, but glass walls are becoming more popular. The walls are usually painted in soothing colors in conformity with airline requirements. Advertisements can be found on the interior or external walls of some bridges.

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Loading bridges can retract and expand to varying lengths by using a retractable tunnel design. Fixed walkways are used by some airports to effectively extend the span of a loading bridge. The loading bridge rotunda is connected to the fixed walkway that stretches out from the terminal building.

Older systems’ controls had a huge number of discrete motor control buttons, requiring a high level of operator expertise and experience to operate efficiently. With only a few buttons, a graphic display panel, and a single multi-axis joystick, modern control consoles are substantially simpler.

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Electric motors are used to move the passenger bridge. For control, they require power and data lines. The individual pieces do not move at a rapid pace. The cables must, however, be safeguarded from harm. They must withstand wind and rain because they are normally outside the gangway.

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The bridge of the modern jet

A rotunda is a transition point on the façade of the terminal that is found on most jet bridges. On multi-door bridges, this dome-like structure supports the bridge’s telescoping tunnels and separates passengers into different paths. The drive column, which consists of a wheeled bogie that steers or advances the bridge, also supports the tunnels at the far end. The airplane can land at the end of the tunnel, which is known as the cabin. It has a waterproof folding canopy that extends to sit on the airframe. From the apron, a service stair runs up to the cabin

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Advantages

Passengers’ safety and comfort: Passengers will not be exposed to the safety dangers that exist in a congested ramp area. Vehicle traffic, moving aircraft, prop wash, jet blast, temperature, and weather extremes are all factors to consider. PBBs are enclosed and occasionally heated or cooled.

Secure: By requiring passengers to go from the airport terminal to the plane, they have been allowed temporary access to a restricted section of the airport. As a result, employing PBB will lessen the security threats that passengers would face if they had to go on the plane.
Easy accessibility: PBB is deemed considerably easier for the elderly, handicapped, or persons who require ground handling equipment such as lift trucks to support wheelchair access.

Reduce Labor Necessity: The necessity for ramp monitoring during passenger boarding and deplaning is no longer required. Passengers’ boarding permits are checked as they enter the PBB, and then they proceed directly to the aircraft.
Speedier process: In theory, this allows for faster disembarking of larger aircraft, although it is extremely common, especially on Boeing 747s and Boeing 777s, to use one bridge for only passengers in first and/or business class, and the second bridge for those in economy class. The second jet bridge might even extend over the aircraft wing, supported by an overhead structure in some configurations. Most wide-body gates at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol, for example, were initially designed in this manner. Faster loading can result in lower airport fees, fewer delays, and more passengers passing through the airport, all of which have an impact on an airline’s bottom line.

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Credit to: http://www.airport-technology.com

Disadvantages

Aircraft parking is limited to areas immediately near the terminal due to loading bridges. As a result, airports have mobile staircases to make disembarking at hardstands easier.

If managed incorrectly, loading bridges might represent a threat to airplanes. If the bridge is not entirely retracted before departure, it may collide with projecting sections of the taxiing plane, necessitating repairs and delays. Furthermore, the loading bridge may become frozen to the airplane during cold weather. When the jet bridge retracts in this circumstance, it may cause damage to the aircraft if the area has not been adequately de-iced.
Damage to the fuselage: the PBB is designed to come into contact with the aircraft at the boarding entrance. Failure of the proximity switch, insufficient operator training, or poor operator technique can all result in the PBB striking the aircraft with more force than planned. This can result in dents, punctures to the skin, or structural damage to the aircraft.

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Door Damage As the weight of the aircraft varies during loading and offloading, the landing gear struts will expand or compress. Most, but not all, PBBs are designed to self-adjust as the aircraft travels to maintain the proper relative height. The bottom of the outward opening aircraft door may come into touch with the PBB floor if the auto-level mechanism fails or the bridge operator fails to make human adjustments as necessary.

Terminal Design: PPBs are only permitted to be deployed in parking lots next to the terminal structure. To use them entirely, terminals must have lengthy “fingers” with ramp regions between them, or many terminal buildings must be employed. While older terminal designs can be adapted to include PBBs, the necessity for remote stands, buses, and boarding steps is likely to persist.
Expensive: Because airports usually charge higher costs for using loading bridges on stands rather than mobile staircases, low-cost airlines like Ryanair avoid them whenever possible. Also, a single jet bridge unit may cost between 0.5 and 1 million dollars in the United States.

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Sources

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet_bridge

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Airports

Experience a World of Luxury: Qatar Airways Launches Al Mourjan Business Lounge – The Garden

Published

1 month ago

24/04/2023

Mina Maher

Qatar Airways has recently revealed its latest addition to the lounge offerings at Doha’s Hamad International Airport – The Al Mourjan Business Lounge – The Garden. Set in the newly expanded North section of the airport, this lounge boasts stunning views of the Orchard Garden and provides a one-of-a-kind experience for premium passengers. With a strong emphasis placed on natural beauty, comfort, wellness, and nature, this lounge is set to provide travelers with a luxurious and rejuvenating airport experience.

The Garden: A World-Class Lounge

The Garden, a section of the Al Mourjan Business Lounge, covers a vast area of 7,390 square meters and has the capacity to hold up to 707 passengers. Positioned in the heart of ‘The Orchard,’ an indoor green space that showcases more than 300 trees and 25,000 plants, the lounge is built to maximize natural light, making it a tranquil and refreshing spot for travelers to unwind before their flight. Qatar Airways’ elite customers can expect a luxurious travel experience featuring a wide range of dining and shopping choices.

Facilities at The Garden

To ensure passengers have a pleasant airport experience, the lounge is equipped with a comprehensive selection of essential and luxurious amenities. The spa facilities, fitness studio, nursery, relaxation, and quiet rooms, game room, and pedicure/manicure stations are all available for passengers to enjoy. The gym has a variety of workout equipment, such as treadmills and elliptical machines, while the spa has seven treatment rooms and automated massage chairs. The lounge’s dining options are equally impressive, with two dining areas situated in the East and West wings. Passengers can indulge in a diverse selection of hot and cold buffets, a coffee bar, and a cocktail station.

HIA’s Lounge Portfolio

HIA has a variety of airport lounges available to passengers, particularly those traveling on Qatar Airways’ premium services. The Al Safwa First Lounge is exclusively for Qatar and Oneworld first-class passengers, providing a distinct minimalist ambiance and is regarded as one of the world’s top lounges. In addition to The Garden’s counterpart lounge in the South area of HIA, elite passengers can choose from the Platinum, Gold, and Silver lounges located in the South or opt to visit the Al Maha or Orxy Lounges.

Qatar Airways’ Commitment to Excellence

Qatar Airways aims to continuously enhance its services to deliver the ultimate aviation and hospitality experiences to its passengers. The airline’s unwavering commitment to excellence is deeply ingrained in its brand, and The Garden is an excellent example of this dedication. The introduction of this exceptional lounge underscores Qatar Airways’ promise to provide travelers with a refined travel experience, prioritizing comfort, well-being, and nature.

Akbar Al Baker, the Qatar Airways Group Chief Executive, expressed his enthusiasm for the launch of The Garden, saying, “We are thrilled to introduce our esteemed passengers to this magnificent addition to our signature lounge collection. Our newly opened Al Mourjan Business Lounge – The Garden at Hamad International Airport will elevate our passengers’ travel experience to new heights.”

The Al Mourjan Business Lounge – The Garden is a stunning addition to HIA’s elite lounge offerings. The lounge’s emphasis on natural beauty and wellness provides a unique experience for premium Qatar Airways passengers. With a wide range of luxury amenities and dining options, The Garden is an excellent space for travelers to relax and rejuvenate before their flight. Qatar Airways commitment to excellence is evident in the launch of The Garden, and the airline continues to set the standard for aviation and hospitality.

Also, you might be interested in reading: Qatar Airways Welcomes Its First Boeing 737 MAX

Sources

Source: Simple Flying

Airports

Flying High: Exploring Finland’s Top 5 Airports with the Longest Runways

Published

1 month ago

21/04/2023

Mina Maher

Finland’s unique geography and position as a strategic hub for air travel make it an important destination for travelers, military personnel, and cargo operators alike. With a growing demand for air travel, it’s vital to have airports with runways capable of handling a range of aircraft. In this article, we’ll explore the top 5 Finnish airports with the longest runways, their histories, and their importance in connecting Finland to the world.

1. Helsinki Vantaa International Airport (HEL)

Helsinki Vantaa International Airport (HEL) holds the top position for having the longest runway in Finland, which is unsurprising given that it is the country’s largest airport. The airport boasts three runways, with the longest measuring an impressive 3,500 meters (11,483 ft). The second and third runways measure 3,060 meters (10,039 ft) and 2,901 meters (9,518 ft), respectively.

Established in 1952, HEL airport initially had only one runway, with the second added in 1956 to accommodate the growing demand for air travel. In 2002, the third runway was inaugurated, leading to increased capacity and more efficient operations. The airport serves as a crucial hub for Finnair and other airlines, connecting Finland to destinations across the globe.

2. Rovaniemi Airport (RVN)

Rovaniemi Airport (RVN) was constructed in 1940 and served as an airbase during the Continuation War, functioning as a supply hub for the German Luftwaffe. The airport has a single runway that measures 3,002 meters (9,849 ft) in length.

While RVN’s runway may not be capable of accommodating fully loaded Boeing 747-8 aircraft, it is capable of serving as a landing strip for an Airbus A380, which necessitates a minimum runway length of 3,000 meters. RVN airport serves as a gateway to the Lapland region, which is a famous tourist destination known for its winter sports and Northern Lights.

3. Kuopio Airport (KUO)

Kuopio Airport (KUO) is situated in northeastern Finland and ranks as the country’s fifth busiest airport, generating considerable profits. The airport has a single runway that measures 2,800 meters (9,186 ft) in length.

An interesting fact about KUO airport is that during its establishment in 1939 and throughout the Finnish-Soviet Continuation War, the runways were entirely constructed of plywood. However, they have been upgraded to asphalt, resulting in enhanced safety and efficiency. KUO airport is used by both the Finnish Air Force and commercial airlines, playing a vital role in connecting military and civilian operations.

4. Tampere-Pirkkala Airport (TMP)

Tampere-Pirkkala Airport (TMP), which was established in 1936, is one of Finland’s oldest airports, boasting one of the longest runways in the country. The airport has a single runway that measures 2,700 meters (8,858 ft) in length.

The runway was paved in 1958 and serves both commercial and military aircraft, making it a critical link for both civilian and military operations. Located in southern Finland, TMP airport serves as a gateway to the Tampere region, which is renowned for its cultural attractions and industrial heritage.

5. Kauhava Airport (KAU)

Kauhava Airport (KAU) was previously utilized for military activities until 2014 and currently holds the fifth position on the list of Finnish airports with the longest runways. The airport has a single runway that is 2,700 meters (8,858 ft) long.

Although KAU’s runway may not be suitable for accommodating fully loaded Airbus A380 or Boeing 747 aircraft, it can still serve as a landing strip for other types of planes, including turboprops and popular models such as the Airbus A320 and Boeing 737. KAU airport is a crucial hub for both military and civilian activities in western Finland.

In conclusion, Finland’s airports with the longest runways play a crucial role in connecting the country to the world. With Helsinki Vantaa International Airport leading the pack, the other airports on this list provide important links for both civilian and military operations, as well as serving as gateways to some of Finland’s most popular regions. As air travel continues to grow, these airports will remain essential in connecting Finland to the rest of the world.

Also, you might be interested in reading: Which airports have the shortest runways?

Sources

Source: Simple Flying

Airports

Atlanta Airport Retains Title for Busiest Airport

Published

2 months ago

08/04/2023

Daniel Luo

Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport (ATL) has once again been named the world’s busiest airport in terms of passenger traffic for the year 2022.

According to data published by The Airports Council International (ACI) this Wednesday, Atlanta leads the list of busiest airports by a large margin, with around 93 million passengers passing through the airport in 2022. That’s more than 256,711 passengers per day, on average, traveling through Atlanta. Following Atlanta is Dallas Fort Worth International Airport with around 73 million passengers in 2022.

Atlanta has held the number one spot for busiest airport for almost every year since 1998, coming in second only once in 2020 to Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport.

Source: Airports Council International — Credit: Airports Council International

Why is Atlanta the Busiest Airport?

Although Atlanta is not a significant tourist destination or an highly populated city, it still holds the title for the busiest airport due to 2 primary reasons:

The city’s geographical position in the Eastern part of the United States. Atlanta’s location enables it to be within a two-hour flight of 80% of the US population, making it an important connecting point between cities.

Atlanta’s role as the primary hub for Delta Airlines, which is headquartered in the city. The large majority of flights in Atlanta are from Delta Airlines.

Increasing Trend for Air Travel

The passenger traffic data from ACI for 2022 shows a recovering trend in air travel for Atlanta airport. All airports among the top 10 busiest had an increase in passenger traffic from the previous year, with Atlanta seeing a 23.8% increase; however all but 2 airports (Istanbul and Denver) among the top 10 fell short of their numbers from 2019. Nevertheless, Atlanta’s passenger volume has been increasing steadily since 2020 and is on track to return to its pre-pandemic levels from 2019.

Atlanta Airport Passengers:

2019: 110.5 million

2020: 42.9 million

2021: 75.7 million

2022: 93.7 million

2023: ?

Will passenger traffic during this year at ATL return or even surpass that of 2019? The Airports Council International believes that a full recovery in global passenger traffic won’t happen until 2024, however Atlanta could reach its pre-pandemic levels sooner.