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Emirates Flight EK521 Crash Investigation: Understanding the Tragedy of Dubai’s Worst Incident

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On August 3, 2016, Emirates Flight EK521 was en route from Thiruvananthapuram, India, to Dubai, United Arab Emirates, when it crashed upon landing at Dubai International Airport. This was the worst incident in Emirates’ nearly 40-year history, resulting in the death of a firefighter and injuries to 32 passengers and crew members. What led to this tragedy, and how was it eventually resolved? Join us as we delve into the investigation of the Emirates Flight EK521 crash and the steps taken to ensure the safety of future flights.

A usual flight from Trivandrum International Airport (TRV, Thiruvananthapuram, India) to Dubai International Airport (DXB, Dubai United Arab Emirates) operated by Emirates Airlines using a Boeing 777-31H registered as A6-EMW. The flight was carrying 282 passengers and 18 crew onboard.

Emirates Flight EK521
Photo by: Unkown
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How did the plane crash?

The story began 60 minutes before the incident at DXB when the pilots were preparing to land by completing the approach briefings for DXB’s runways, 12L and 30L. The flight crew received a moderate wind-shear warning affecting all DXB runways from the United Arab Emirates National Center of Meteorology and Seismology (NCMS); the wind-shear seemed strong enough to cause two preceding B777s to perform go-arounds.

The incident happened at 08:37 UTC. The aircraft’s airspeed was significantly impacted by wind shear during the late final approach, and it touchdown on runway 12L (4,000meter/13,000ft long) at a speed of 162 knots (300 km/h), about 1,100 metres/3,600 ft) beyond the threshold. The crew attempted a go-around after the cockpit’s Runway Awareness and Advisory System (RAAS) signaled a “LONG LANDING” two seconds later. Six seconds after the main-wheel touchdown, the aircraft rotated to a climb attitude and regained airborne with the nose wheel still off the ground.

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The flight crew executed the go-around procedures; the flap setting was reduced to 20°, and the gears were adjusted to retract; however, the engine throttle stayed constant since go-around automation was disabled after touchdown. The aircraft’s indicated airspeed dropped as it climbed to a maximum height over the runway of 85 feet (26 m), at which point it started to descend to the ground. The crew manually increased the throttles to twelve seconds after airborne. Still, the aircraft continued to fall and impacted the runway three seconds later, partially retracting its gears.

The plane collided with the bottom of its rear fuselage and slid about 800 meters (2,600 feet) along runway 12L with its landing gear partially retracted as it pivoted to the right about 120 degrees. As the plane went down the runway, the right engine (no.2) separated and slid over the wing’s leading edge toward the wingtip. Firefighting vehicles arrived at the aircraft less than 90 seconds after it came to rest (33 seconds after the first hit) and began fighting fires in various spots. At the same time, all 300 passengers and crew were safely evacuated.

Emirates Flight EK521
Source: Quora
Emirates Flight EK521
AAIS
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There was an explosion nine minutes after the aircraft came to a complete stop, with just the captain and the senior flight attendant remaining on board (checking for any remaining passengers). The explosion killed a firefighter, “Jasim Issa Mohammed Hasan.” Thirty-two passengers and crew members were hurt, including the captain and senior flight attendant, who evacuated after the explosion; the senior flight attendant was the only person seriously injured among the passengers and crew, suffering from smoke inhalation. Furthermore, seven firefighters were hurt, and six suffered from heat stroke. The explosion spread the fire throughout the aircraft’s interior, and it took firefighters 16 hours to put it out. The airport was closed during and after the crash, resulting in several flights being diverted.

EK521
Photo by: Unkown
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The airport was closed for 52 hours following the incident, and numerous planes were diverted to neighboring airports such as Abu Dhabi International Airport, Sharjah International Airport, and Al Maktoum International Airport. The shutdown forced Emirates and flydubai to cancel multiple flights, affecting 23,000 people at the airport. At 18:30 local time, Dubai International Airport began operations at a reduced capacity, using just one runway and maximizing the usage of the runways at Al Maktoum International Airport. On August 4, the damaged runway was rebuilt and reopened at 17:45 local time, and the airport resumed normal operations 72 hours after the accident on August 6.

Eight days after the accident, on August 11, Emirates gave each of the 282 passengers US$7000 in compensation.

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The video below shows a simulated playback of the FDR data of Flight EK521

Emirates Flight EK521 FDR data playback | video by: 60 North
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What caused the Emirates Flight EK521 crash?

EK521
Photo by: Unkown

According to investigations, the pilots on the flight did not realize that the engine thrust settings on the Boeing 777-300 remained too low and also missed part of a cockpit procedure. The pilots of flight EK521 attempted to abort the landing after the plane’s main wheels had already touched down, shutting off automatic access to full engine power, according to the UAE’s General Civil Aviation Authority.

“The flight crew did not effectively scan and monitor the primary flight instrumentation parameters during the landing and the attempted go-around” the authority said in its final report.

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According to the report, the crew’s dependence on automation and a lack of preparation for flying go-arounds – or aborted landings – from near the runway surface seriously impacted flight crew performance in a critical flight circumstance.

The Aircraft involved

Emirates
Photo by: Buzu

A Boeing 777-31H with the registration A6-EMW, serial number 32700, and line number 434 was involved. It had two Rolls-Royce Trent 892 engines and was thirteen years old, having taken to the skies on March 7, 2003. It was delivered new to Emirates on March 28, 2003, and had accumulated over 58,000 flying hours in 13,000 cycles before the tragedy.

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Pilots involved in Emirates Flight EK521

The captain, a 34-year-old native of the United Arab Emirates, had flown 7,457 times overall, including 5,123 times on the Boeing 777, since joining Emirates in March 2001.

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The first officer, Jeremy Webb, was an Australian citizen aged 37. He had been with Emirates since October 2014 and had logged 7,957 flight hours, 1,292 of which were on the Boeing 777.


After this crash, Emirates changed the flight number of the Trivandrum – Dubai service to EK523.

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Sources

Air Accident Investigation Sector (AAIS) Accident Final Report, Case No: AIFN/0008/2016, Runway Impact During Attempted Go-Around, Emirates, Boeing 777-31H, A6-EMW, Dubai International Airport, The United Arab Emirates, August 3, 2016

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code7700.com

Reuters

The Flight Channel (YouTube Channel)

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Youssef is the president and founder of Aviation for Aviators; in addition to his role as Chief-in-Editor of the platform's website, Youssef is currently pursuing an engineering degree at Nile University in Egypt. With his unique blend of passion, expertise, and entrepreneurial spirit, Youssef is passionate about combining these traits with aviation to provide a unique resource for aviation enthusiasts and professionals alike.

Air Crash

Video: Cargolux Boeing 747 Loses Part of Landing Gear During Emergency Landing

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In a notable incident at Luxembourg Airport, a Boeing 747-400 cargo plane from Cargolux lost a part of its main landing gear during an emergency landing on Sunday evening.

vIDEO BY c-wizz ON TWITTER

The aircraft, registered as LX-OCV, took off from Luxembourg airport bound for Chicago ORD. However, the pilots soon reported a malfunction. The aircraft then climbed to 10,000 ft to dump fuel for approximately 10 minutes before returning to Luxembourg Airport for an emergency landing.

Cargolux Boeing 747
Via flightradar24

Shockingly, during the landing, the right center gear unit broke off. Subsequently, the aircraft was unloaded, and the runway had to be closed for inspection and cleaning.

Cargolux Boeing 747

As we wait for further updates on the situation, Cargolux has confirmed the significant landing incident involving its B747-400F aircraft, bearing registration mark LX-OCV. The aircraft was unable to retract its landing gear on take-off from Luxembourg, forcing it to safely dump fuel in order to return to the airport. On its landing roll, its right body landing gear detached from the aircraft. Despite this, the aircraft came to a controlled stop and was attended to by the emergency services.

Thankfully, no persons onboard or on the ground suffered any injuries. The relevant authorities have been informed of the incident. The aircraft remains on the runway, and recovery efforts are currently underway.

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cARGOLUX’S STATEMENT

Immediate Aftermath and Runway Clean-up

Despite the challenges posed by the incident, crews swiftly initiated the clean-up process. The primary focus now is ensuring the safe resumption of operations. The runway will reopen only after a thorough inspection confirms it is safe for aircraft operations.

Happened also last month: Video: Cargolux Boeing 747 Damaged During Landing at Luxembourg

Flights to Luxembourg are currently diverting to Frankfurt until the runway is declared safe for operations. We will keep you updated as soon as further details are released.

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American Airlines Boeing 737 Suffers Engine Flameout After Hitting Flock of Geese

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via dailymail

An American Airlines Boeing 737 flight experienced a dramatic engine flameout when a flock of geese collided with the aircraft shortly after take-off. The frightening event was captured on video and posted online, showing the aircraft emitting flames before returning to the airport. Fortunately, no injuries were reported.

Video via dailymail

Terrifying Moment During Take-off

The American Airlines Flight 1958 was en route to Phoenix, Arizona from John Glenn Columbus International Airport when it was struck by a flock of geese. Eyewitnesses described flames shooting from the engine and “wonky, pulsing noises” coming from the plane. One person in Columbus, Ohio even reported that it sounded like the engines were about to fail. The flight took off at 7:43 am and made an emergency landing back at the airport just 40 minutes later, at 8:22 am.

American Airlines Boeing 737
via dailymail

Identifying the Aircraft

American Airlines Boeing 737
Photo by DJ Reed

The aircraft involved in the incident was a Boeing 737-800, Boeing 737-800 (N972NN, built 2015), not the controversial 737 Max, which has been linked to two fatal crashes resulting in over 340 deaths. After the engine flameout, videos and photos circulated online, showing flames coming from the engine and the plane emitting a low rumbling noise as it flew over Ohio.

Investigation and Airport Status

American Airlines Boeing 737
via dailymail

An unnamed passenger on the flight reported that the pilot attributed the engine fire to geese entering the engine. The Federal Aviation Administration is now leading an investigation into the incident. Meanwhile, John Glenn Columbus International Airport remains open and operational, with emergency crews present on the scene.

Recent Similar Event

This dramatic event occurred only three days after another engine fire aboard an Airbus A321 at Charlotte Douglas Airport in North Carolina. The fire was visible from the slats of the plane, and passengers were heard crying out in fear. The flight, bound for Dallas Fort Worth International Airport, returned to the gate without taking off, and the flames were extinguished. The incident, which resulted in no injuries, is being treated as a mechanical failure.

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While the American Airlines Boeing 737 incident was certainly frightening for passengers and observers, it serves as a reminder of the importance of aviation safety and thorough investigations into such occurrences. As the Federal Aviation Administration leads the investigation into this engine flameout, we can only hope that valuable lessons will be learned to prevent similar incidents in the future.

READ ALSO: Boeing 737 Max: Latest Safety Measures and Airline Responses

Have you ever witnessed an event like this during a flight? Share your experiences in the comments below.

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Court Acquits Air France & Airbus of Manslaughter Charges in AF447 Crash

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bruno muthelet via planespotters.net

Air France and Airbus were recently acquitted of charges connected to the tragic Air France Flight AF447 crash in 2009. Although the prosecution found some acts of imprudence by both the manufacturer and the airline, they did not find enough evidence to prove criminal negligence on their part.

Background of the Trial

AF447
Source: FORCA AEREA BRASILEIRA via BBC

The case revolved around an Airbus A330-200 (registered as F-GZCP) that crashed during a flight from Rio de Janeiro Galeão to Paris Charles de Gaulle in 2009. All 228 people on board, including three flight crew, nine cabin crew, and 216 passengers, lost their lives in Air France’s most fatal accident.

The prosecution concluded that the pilots had been unable to manage their stress and surprise after receiving faulty readings from the aircraft’s pitot sensors, which triggered multiple alarms. The court could not prove that the sensors had malfunctioned, and therefore argued that there was no liability for either company involved.

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AF447

Not-guilty Verdict

Following a civil trial held between October and December of the previous year, the public prosecutors’ office stated that it was impossible to establish blame for either company and recommended that both defendants be cleared. This decision not to seek a conviction was unusual but not binding for the judges overseeing the trial.

The court found that Airbus had committed “four acts of imprudence or negligence,” including not replacing specific models of pitot tubes on the A330 and A340 fleet known to freeze more frequently. The manufacturer was also accused of “withholding information” from flight operators.

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Air France, on the other hand, was found to have committed two “acts of imprudence” concerning the distribution of information about the faulty pitot sensors. Despite these findings, the court could not establish a strong causal link between these shortcomings and the accident, and therefore no offense was deemed to have been committed.

Long-awaited Conclusion

The final accident report, released by France’s Bureau of Enquiry and Analysis for Civil Aviation Safety in July 2021, primarily attributed the crash to pilot error following technical malfunctions of the pitot tubes. These tubes, located on the plane’s exterior to measure airspeed, iced over during the flight, causing incorrect speed readings that distracted the crew. The crew’s failure to respond appropriately to the warning alarms contributed to the accident.

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The Public Prosecutors Office initially called for a manslaughter trial against Air France, arguing that the airline did not provide sufficient information to its pilots about the procedures to be followed. The case underscored that the pitot tubes had malfunctioned due to ice on previous flights before the crash and accused Airbus of not informing airlines urgently enough. These sensors were replaced on all Airbus aircraft worldwide after the accident.

The case was dismissed in 2019 due to insufficient evidence, but an association representing the victims’ relatives (‘Association entraide et solidarité vol AF447’) appealed the decision. In May 2021, the Court of Appeal of Paris reversed the 2019 dismissal and ordered Air France and Airbus to stand trial for involuntary manslaughter, culminating in the recent trial.

Airbus Statement

In a statement to Simple Flying, an Airbus spokesperson expressed sympathy for those affected by the tragedy and reaffirmed the company’s commitment to prioritizing safety. The spokesperson noted that the decision was consistent with the 2019 dismissal and reiterated Airbus’s dedication to maintaining a safety-first culture throughout the company and the aviation industry.

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At the time of the accident, the aircraft was about four years old and had accumulated nearly 18,900 flying hours.

After the Trial

The verdict marks the end of a long legal battle for the families of the victims, Air France, and Airbus. While some family members expressed disappointment and disbelief at the outcome, others found closure and relief that the trial has concluded.

Air France’s Response

Air France, while acknowledging the court’s decision, maintained that the safety of its passengers and crew remains its top priority. The airline has since implemented additional safety measures and enhanced training programs for its pilots, aiming to prevent similar incidents in the future.

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Industry Impact

The AF447 trial has drawn attention to the importance of effective communication between manufacturers, airlines, and regulators. Lessons learned from this tragedy have resulted in increased focus on flight crew training, particularly in handling high-stress situations and unexpected system failures. The aviation industry as a whole has also benefited from updated safety guidelines and improvements in aircraft design, ultimately making air travel safer for passengers worldwide.

1/350 scale diecast model of an Air France Airbus A320

AF447

The AF447 trial serves as a sobering reminder of the potential consequences of system failures and human error in aviation. Although Air France and Airbus were acquitted of manslaughter charges, the industry must continue to prioritize safety and learn from past mistakes to prevent future tragedies.

READ ALSO: The Story of the Deadliest Air Crash on the British Ground: Pan Am 103

As we reflect on the AF447 tragedy and its impact on the aviation industry, we’d like to hear your thoughts. How do you think this incident has shaped airline safety and pilot training over the years? Share your opinions in the comments section below.

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